Recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
2025-10-29 15:52
Recommendations of the Central Committee of
the Communist Party of China for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for
National Economic and Social Development
(Adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the
Communist Party of China on October 23, 2025)
The 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has
laid out the following recommendations for formulating the 15th five-year
plan for national economic and social development (2026–2030) at this fourth
plenary session, based on an in-depth analysis of the international and
domestic landscapes.
I．The 15th Five-Year Plan Period as a Critical Stage for Basically
Realizing Socialist Modernization
1. China’s major development achievements in the 14th Five-Year Plan period
The 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025) has covered a momentous and
extraordinary period in China’s development. In the face of a complicated
international landscape and the challenging domestic tasks of advancing
reform, promoting development, and ensuring stability, the CPC Central
Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has united the entire Party
and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and led them in meeting
difficulties head-on and forging ahead with determination. This has allowed
us to withstand the severe shocks from the once-in-a-century Covid-19
pandemic, respond effectively to a raft of major risks and challenges, and
secure significant new achievements in the cause of the Party and the country.
Over the past five years, we have maintained steady economic growth
and made solid headway in pursuing high-quality development. We have
seen fruitful advances in scientific and technological innovation and steady
progress in fostering new quality productive forces. Reform has been further
deepened across the board, and high-standard opening up has continuously
expanded. We have made substantial progress in developing whole-process
people’s democracy and advanced law-based governance on all fronts to
good effect. Cultural programs and industries have flourished, and people
have enjoyed a wide range of cultural and intellectual products. Support for
the public wellbeing has been reinforced, and our achievements in poverty
1alleviation have been consolidated and expanded. As the green and
low-carbon transition has picked up pace, the environment has continued to
improve. We have increased our capacity to safeguard national security,
enhanced social governance, and maintained overall social stability. Major
headway has been made in strengthening national defense and military
development. The policy of One Country, Two Systems has been further
advanced in practice. Progress has been secured on all fronts of major-country
diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Impressive results have been
achieved in the Party’s full and rigorous self-governance, and the fight against
corruption has been stepped up. Our Party’s creativity, cohesion, and ability
have all been markedly increased. With China reaching new heights in
economic strength, scientific and technological ability, and composite national
strength, we have made solid new strides in advancing Chinese
modernization and gotten off to a good start on our new journey toward the
Second Centenary Goal.
We owe all these remarkable achievements to the CPC Central Committee
with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, which has been at the helm charting the
course, and to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
for a New Era, which has provided sound guidance to advance our cause.
2. The 15th Five-Year Plan period as a critical stage in building on past successes
to break new ground for basically realizing socialist modernization
Socialist modernization can only be realized through a historical process
of gradual and ongoing development. It requires the unremitting hard work
of one generation after another. The period covered by the 15th Five-Year
Plan will be critical in this process as we work to reinforce the foundations
and push ahead on all fronts toward basically realizing socialist
modernization by 2035.
In this period, we must consolidate and build on our strengths, remove
development bottlenecks, and shore up areas of weakness. We must seize the
strategic initiative amid intense international competition and secure major
breakthroughs in strategic tasks of overall importance to Chinese
modernization. This will put us on firmer foundations for basically realizing
socialist modernization.
3. Profound and intricate changes facing China’s development environment in
the 15th Five-Year Plan period
Relations between major countries have an important bearing on the
international landscape, the dynamics of which will in turn exert a profound
2impact on the domestic development of every country. China is in a period of
development where strategic opportunities exist alongside risks and
challenges and uncertainties and unforeseen factors are rising.
Internationally, momentous changes of a magnitude not seen in a
century are unfolding across the world at a faster pace. A profound shift is
taking place in the international balance of power, and breakthroughs are
accelerating in the new round of technological revolution and industrial
transformation. All this has created positive factors enabling China to make
proactive moves in the international arena and shape a favorable external
environment. Meanwhile, the changes we see in the world are intertwined
with disturbances, turmoil continues to mount, and geopolitical conflicts flare
up all too easily and frequently. Unilateralism and protectionism are on the
rise, and hegemonism and power politics pose greater threats. The
international economic and trade order is facing grave challenges, and global
economic growth lacks steam. Major-country rivalry is becoming more
intricate and intense than ever.
Domestically, the Chinese economy has a solid foundation, advantages in
many areas, strong resilience, and great potential. The conditions for and
underlying trend of long-term growth remain unchanged. More and more, we
are seeing the strengths of socialism with Chinese characteristics, China’s
enormous market, its complete industrial system, and its abundant human
resources all coming to the fore. However, development imbalances and
inadequacies remain prominent. Effective demand is sluggish, and
bottlenecks and obstacles are impeding economic flows. The task of
transitioning to new growth drivers is formidable, and agricultural and rural
modernization is lagging behind. There is considerable pressure weighing on
employment and personal income growth, and gaps and weak links still exist
in our work to ensure public wellbeing. Changes in China’s demographic
structure pose new challenges for economic development and social
governance, and risks and hidden dangers persist in some key areas.
Changes engender opportunities, and challenges bolster morale. All of us
in the Party must acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of
establishing Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central
Committee and in the Party as a whole and of establishing the guiding role of
Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;
become more conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in
big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the
central Party leadership; stay confident in the path, theory, system, and
culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and uphold Comrade Xi
Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a
whole and uphold the Central Committee’s authority and its centralized,
unified leadership.
We must maintain strategic resolve and enhance our confidence of
success. We must proactively identify, respond to, and steer changes,
demonstrate the courage and competence to carry forward our struggle, and
dare to brave high winds, choppy waters, and even dangerous storms. We
must seize the historical initiative to overcome difficulties, combat risks, and
confront challenges, and focus on managing our own affairs well. We will
write yet another chapter on the miracles of rapid economic growth and
long-term social stability and strive to open up new horizons for Chinese
modernization.
II. Guiding Principles and Major Objectives for Economic and Social
Development in the 15th Five-Year Plan Period
4. Guiding philosophy
We must stay committed to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,
Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific
Outlook on Development and fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on
Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We must thoroughly
apply the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress and the
plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee.
We must keep focused on realizing the Second Centenary Goal of
building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and
advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through
Chinese modernization. We must ensure coordinated implementation of the
Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy.1
Keeping in mind both domestic and international imperatives, we must fully
and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts, move
faster to foster a new pattern of development, and adhere to the general
principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability.
The Five-Sphere Integrated Plan is to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social,
and ecological advancement. The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive
moves to build a modern socialist country, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and
strengthen Party self-governance.We will continue to pursue economic development as our central task,
with high-quality development as our main focus, reform and innovation as
the fundamental driving force, meeting the people’s ever-growing needs for a
better life as our fundamental goal, and full and rigorous Party
self-governance as the fundamental underpinning for all our efforts.
We will promote higher-quality economic growth while achieving an
appropriate increase in economic output and make solid headway in
promoting well-rounded personal development and common prosperity for
all. All of this will allow us to secure decisive progress toward basically
realizing socialist modernization.
5. Core Principles
- Upholding the Party’s overall leadership
We must resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee’s authority and
its centralized, unified leadership and improve the Party’s ability to chart the
course, make overall plans, design policies, and promote reform. We must
uphold the Party’s leadership in all areas and at all stages of economic and
social development, so as to fundamentally guarantee China’s socialist
modernization drive.
- Putting the people first
The principal position of the people must be respected. We will rely
closely on the people, protect their fundamental interests, and promote social
fairness and justice. We will focus on ensuring and improving the people’s
wellbeing through development and open up greater space for development
in the course of satisfying their needs. We will promote coordinated economic
and social development, ensure that material progress and cultural-ethical
progress reinforce each other, and see to it that the gains of modernization
benefit all our people fairly.
- Pursuing high-quality development
Our development will be guided by the new development philosophy.
We should develop new quality productive forces in line with local
conditions, strengthen the domestic economy, and promote unimpeded
domestic and international economic flows. We will take coordinated steps to
expand domestic demand and deepen supply-side structural reform, move
faster to foster new drivers of growth, and improve and upgrade the
economic structure. We will optimize the allocation of new resources while
making best use of existing ones. This will help drive sustained, sound
economic development and all-around social progress.
- Comprehensively deepening reform
With a focus on removing institutional barriers that impede high-quality
development, we must advance in-depth reform and expand high-standard
opening up. We should work to better adapt the relations of production to the
productive forces, the superstructure to the economic base, and national
governance to social development and make sustained efforts to increase
development momentum and boost the vitality of our society.
- Promoting both an efficient market and a well-functioning government
We should see that the market plays the decisive role in resource
allocation and that the government better fulfills its role. We should establish
a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, develop a
credit-based economy under the rule of law, and foster a first-rate business
environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized. This
will enable us to create an economic order defined by both market vitality and
effective regulation.
- Ensuring both development and security
It is essential for us to consolidate security in the course of development
and pursue development in a secure environment. We must better prepare
ourselves for worst-case scenarios, effectively prevent and mitigate all kinds
of risks, and enhance the resilience of our economy and society, so as to
safeguard China’s new pattern of development with its new security
architecture.
6. Major objectives
- Significant achievements in high-quality development
We should see that the economy keeps growing within an appropriate
range, realize steady gains in total factor productivity, and achieve a notable
increase in household consumption as a share of GDP. Domestic demand
should play an increasingly greater role as the principal engine of economic
growth, and the potential for growth should be fully unleashed. We should
advance the development of a unified national market and see to it that the
strengths of China’s enormous market continue to shine. We should secure
significant progress in new industrialization, informatization, urbanization,
and agricultural modernization, while working toward major breakthroughs
in developing new quality productive forces, fostering a new pattern of
development, and building a modernized economy.
- Substantial improvements in scientific and technological self-reliance and
strength
We should markedly boost the overall performance of China’s innovation
system and establish a basic framework for the integrated development of
education, science and technology, and human resources. We should
significantly strengthen our capacity for basic research and original
innovation, achieve faster progress in securing breakthroughs in core
technologies in key fields, and see that China keeps pace or even leads the
way in many more fields. Full integration should be achieved between
technological and industrial innovation, and innovation should play a more
prominent role in driving development.
- Fresh breakthroughs in further deepening reform comprehensively
Strides should be made in modernizing China’s system and capacity for
governance. We should continue to improve the socialist market economy,
the systems and mechanisms for high-standard opening up, and the
institutions, standards, and procedures for whole-process people’s democracy,
and move to a higher stage in building a socialist country under the rule of
law.
- Notable cultural and ethical progress across society
We should inspire greater confidence in Chinese culture among our
people. Mainstream thoughts and views should enjoy stronger and more
extensive support, and the core socialist values should prevail throughout
society. We should further unleash the vitality of the entire nation for cultural
creation and innovation and enrich the intellectual and cultural lives of our
people. There should be a substantial increase in the cohesion of the Chinese
nation and the appeal of Chinese culture and a continued rise in China’s soft
power.
- Further improvements in quality of life
We should make new headway in promoting high-quality full
employment. Personal incomes should increase in step with economic growth,
and remuneration should rise in tandem with labor productivity increases.
The structure of income distribution should be optimized, with the
middle-income group continuing to expand. The social security system
should be refined and put on a more sustainable footing, and access to basic
public services should be made much more equitable.
- Major new strides in advancing the Beautiful China Initiative
Eco-friendly ways of work and life should become the norm in society,
the goal of peaking carbon emissions before 2030 should be achieved as
scheduled, and a new clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system
should take shape. There should be a continued drop in the total discharge of
major pollutants, and the diversity, stability, and sustainability of our
ecosystems should be steadily enhanced.
- Further advances in strengthening the national security shield
We should reinforce our system and capacity for safeguarding national
security and effectively guard against and mitigate risks in key sectors.
Noticeable improvements should be made in social governance and public
safety governance. The centenary goals of the People’s Liberation Army
should be fulfilled by 2027. Solid progress should be made in advancing the
Peaceful China Initiative to a higher level.
Building on this, we will work hard for a further five years to see that by
the year 2035 China’s economic strength, scientific and technological ability,
national defense capabilities, composite national strength, and international
influence will all become markedly stronger, China’s per capita GDP will be
on a par with that of a mid-level developed country, our people will live
better and happier lives, and socialist modernization will be basically
realized.
III. Building a Modernized Industrial System and Reinforcing the
Foundations of the Real Economy
A modernized industrial system provides the material and technological
foundations for Chinese modernization. We should keep our focus on the real
economy, continue to pursue smart, green, and integrated development, and
work faster to boost China’s strength in manufacturing, product quality,
aerospace, transportation, and cyberspace. The share of manufacturing in the
national economy should be kept at an appropriate level, and a modernized
industrial system should be developed with advanced manufacturing as the
backbone.
7. Upgrading traditional industries
We should upgrade key industries and consolidate and enhance the
position and competitiveness of China’s industries such as mining,
metallurgy, chemical industry, light industries, textiles, machinery, vessels,
and construction in the global industrial division of labor. We should ensure
that China’s industrial chains become more self-supporting and risk-resilient.
We should advance industrial foundation reengineering and research on
major technologies and equipment. We should promote rolling implementation of high-quality development initiatives for key industrial
chains in the manufacturing sector and develop advanced manufacturing
clusters.
We should promote technological transformation and upgrading to shift
toward digital and intelligent development in the manufacturing sector,
develop smart, green, and service-oriented manufacturing, and work faster to
transform industrial models and enterprises’ organizational forms. We should
reinforce national quality infrastructure, strengthen standard-based guidance
and make it more internationalized, and step up brand building. We should
improve the industrial layout and promote the orderly relocation of key
industries within China.
8. Fostering emerging industries and industries of the future
We should redouble efforts to develop emerging pillar industries. We
should launch industrial innovation projects and make integrated moves to
construct innovation facilities, advance technological research and
development (R&D), and promote product upgrading. We should accelerate
the development of industrial clusters in strategic emerging fields such as
new energy, new materials, aviation and aerospace, and the low-altitude
economy. To improve the industrial ecosystem, we should carry out
demonstration initiatives to extensively apply new technologies and products
in new scenarios and scale up emerging industries at a faster pace.
Forward-looking plans should be put in place for industries of the future.
We need to explore diverse technology roadmaps, typical application
scenarios, feasible business models, and market regulation rules and work to
foster new drivers of economic growth such as quantum technology,
biomanufacturing, hydrogen and nuclear fusion power, brain-computer
interfaces, embodied artificial intelligence (AI), and 6G mobile
communications. We should introduce new regulation methods, develop
venture capital investment, and establish mechanisms to increase funding and
share risks in future industries. We should promote the growth of small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that use specialized and sophisticated
technologies to produce novel and unique products. We should also nurture
unicorn companies.
9. Promoting the high-quality, efficient development of the service sector
We should carry out capacity-expanding and quality-upgrading
initiatives in the service sector, opening the sector wider, deepening
regulatory reform, and refining support policies to create a broader range of
quality market entities. We should steer producer services toward greater
specialization and the higher end of the value chain on a sector-by-sector
basis, while supporting the development of higher-quality, more diverse, and
more accessible consumer services. We should promote the integration of
modern services with advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture and
advance the digital and intelligent transformation of the service sector. We
should step up efforts to improve standards, enhance quality, and build
brands, and refine the statistical and monitoring systems for the service
sector.
10. Developing a modernized infrastructure system
Infrastructure planning should be better coordinated to improve its layout
and structure, drive integrated development, and ensure that infrastructure is
safe, resilient, and sustainable. New types of infrastructure should be built
with appropriate forward planning. Information and communication
networks, the national integrated computing network, major science and
technology infrastructure, and other key systems should be further developed
and used intensively and efficiently. Traditional infrastructure should be
upgraded and retrofitted with digital and intelligent technologies.
We should improve the modern integrated transportation system,
strengthening cross-regional coordination and planning, promoting
multimodal integration, and improving transportation links and services in
remote areas. We should enhance the diversity and resilience of international
transportation routes. In the energy sector, efforts should be made to optimize
the layout of primary arteries and develop new types of infrastructure. We
should accelerate the development of a modern water network and enhance
our capacity to prevent floods, coordinate the allocation of water resources,
and ensure water supply in both urban and rural areas. We should continue
to develop dual-use public infrastructure that can accommodate emergency
needs in the cities.
IV. Achieving Greater Self-Reliance and Strength in Science and
Technology and Steering the Development of New Quality Productive
Forces
Chinese modernization must be underpinned by modernization in science
and technology. We must seize the historic opportunity presented by the new
round of technological revolution and industrial transformation to boost
China’s strength in education, science and technology, and human resources
in a well-coordinated manner. We should enhance the overall performance of
China’s innovation system, raise our innovation capacity across the board,
achieve a leading position in scientific and technological development, and
keep fostering new quality productive forces.
11. Promoting advances in original innovation and breakthroughs in core
technologies in key fields
We should improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide
and adopt unconventional measures to drive decisive breakthroughs in core
technologies across entire chains in key fields such as integrated circuits,
industrial machine tools, high-end equipment, basic software, advanced
materials, and biomanufacturing. A number of major national science and
technology programs should be launched, with a focus on meeting our
country’s strategic needs.
We should strengthen strategic, forward-looking, and systematic
planning for basic research, direct a greater share of total R&D spending
toward this field, and increase long-term, stable support. We need to place a
stronger emphasis on original innovation in scientific research and
technological development and create an optimal environment for original
and disruptive innovation, in a bid to produce a larger number of original,
landmark advances.
12. Promoting full integration between technological and industrial innovation
We should coordinate efforts to build up China’s strength in strategic
science and technology and enhance our capacity for making systematic
breakthroughs. We should strengthen self-sufficiency in scientific and
technological infrastructure and take well-coordinated steps to develop
innovation platforms and centers. We should improve regional innovation
systems, develop regional technological innovation centers and industrial
technological innovation hubs, and reinforce the role of international
technological innovation centers as drivers of innovation.
We should see that major scientific and technological advances can enter
practical application quickly and efficiently. To this end, we should build
more proof-of-concept and pilot-scale testing platforms, work harder to
develop application scenarios and make them more accessible, and strengthen
the protection and application of intellectual property rights. We should
create an open and globally competitive innovation ecosystem. Young
scientists and engineers should receive support to pursue innovation or start
their businesses. We should promote scientific and technological literacy
among the public, foster a culture of innovation, and nurture dedication to
science. In addition, we must work harder to uphold the rule of law, ethics,
integrity, and security in the sphere of science and technology.
The principal role of enterprises in technological innovation should be
reinforced. We should facilitate the flow of innovation resources toward
enterprises, support them in spearheading the creation of innovation
consortia and in playing a greater role in major national science and
technology programs, and encourage them to make more investments in basic
research. We should also promote full integration of chains of innovation with
those of industry, capital, and talent.
We should nurture leading technology companies, support the
development of new- and high-tech firms and sci-tech SMEs, and further raise
the additional tax deductions for enterprises’ R&D expenses. We should
increase government procurement of homegrown innovative products.
13. Pursuing the integrated development of education, science and technology,
and human resources
We need to institute sound mechanisms for advancing integration on this
front, promoting greater coordination across development plans, policies,
resources, and evaluations. We should foster positive interplay between
indigenous technological innovation and the training of homegrown talent
and develop globally influential centers for education, science, and talent.
Orienting talent cultivation toward technological innovation, industrial
development, and national strategic needs, we should optimize the layout of
higher education institutions, advance reforms on a categorized basis, and
coordinate the establishment of disciplines. We should continue to develop
world-class universities and academic disciplines and national centers for
interdisciplinary subjects, while better leveraging the role of research
institutes, innovation platforms, enterprises, and science and technology
programs in pooling and nurturing talent. These endeavors will enable us to
cultivate top-tier innovators.
We should move faster to build a contingent of personnel with expertise
of strategic importance to our country and cultivate talent of all types,
including science strategists, leading scientists, outstanding engineers, master
craftspeople, and highly-skilled workers. We should increase personnel
collaboration and optimize talent structures to ensure that human resources
better meet regional development needs.
We should deepen reform of project reviews, institution assessments,
talent evaluations, and income distribution to give greater weight to
innovation capability, performance, outcomes, and contributions. We should
open up channels for personnel flows between higher education institutions,
research institutes, and enterprises to boost the dynamism and vitality for
innovation and creation. We should deepen international exchanges and
cooperation and establish an immigration system for highly-skilled personnel
to attract and cultivate talent from around the world.
14. Advancing the Digital China Initiative
We should refine our foundational systems for data as a factor of
production, foster an integrated national data market characterized by
openness, sharing, and security, and advance the development and utilization
of data resources. We should promote full integration between the real
economy and the digital economy and advance the project for the innovative
development of the Industrial Internet. We should accelerate innovation in
digital and intelligent technologies such as AI, make breakthroughs in basic
theories and core technologies, and ensure more efficient supply of
computing power, algorithms, and data.
The AI Plus Initiative should be advanced across the board. We should
steer the transformation of scientific research paradigms with AI, apply AI
tools in industrial development, cultural advancement, public wellbeing
initiatives, and social governance, and strive to gain the edge in AI industrial
application. All these efforts will facilitate AI empowerment in all sectors on
all fronts. We must also strengthen governance over AI and refine relevant
laws, regulations, policies, systems, application standards, and ethical codes.
We should conduct sound regulation of the platform economy to promote its
innovative and healthy development.
V. Building a Robust Domestic Market and Fostering a New Pattern of
Development
A strong domestic market provides strategic support for Chinese
modernization. Guided by the strategy of expanding domestic demand, we
should work toward improving living standards while increasing consumer
spending and combine investment in physical assets with investment in
human capital. We should see that new demand drives new supply, new
supply helps create fresh demand, and positive interactions are fostered between consumption and investment and between supply and demand. All
this will help enhance the dynamism and reliability of the domestic economy.
15. Boosting consumption
Special initiatives should be advanced to boost consumption. To increase
people’s spending power, we should make coordinated moves to boost
employment, increase incomes, and keep expectations stable, and
appropriately increase the share of fiscal expenditure that goes toward public
services. The supply of high-quality consumer goods and services should be
expanded. We should focus on easing market access and integrating various
forms of business to boost consumption of services and work hard to build
leading brands, raise standards, and apply new technologies to expand and
upgrade goods consumption. We should also develop a batch of high-profile
new consumption scenarios with broad appeal.
We should develop more cities into international consumption centers
and expand inbound consumption. Inclusive policies that directly benefit
consumers should be strengthened, and the government should spend more
on public wellbeing. We should refine the systems and mechanisms designed
to drive consumption, abolish unreasonable restrictions on the purchase of
motor vehicles and housing, and adopt management measures suitable for
new forms, models, and scenarios of consumer spending. We should stagger
paid leave. Consumer rights and interests should be better protected.
16. Expanding effective investment
We should maintain appropriate growth in investment and raise the
returns it delivers. The structure of government investment should be
optimized in order to allocate a larger portion to public wellbeing initiatives
and ensure the high-quality development of programs for advancing major
national strategies and bolstering security capacity in key areas. To respond to
structural demographic shifts and population movement trends, we should
improve the layouts of infrastructure and public service facilities and boost
investment in human resources development and well-rounded personal
development.
We should coordinate the use of all types of government investment
funds and take explorative steps to formulate overall government investment
plans in areas with the initial groundwork in place. The entire process of
government investment should be better managed. We should advance the
reform of the investment review and approval system and further clarify the
directions and priorities of central and local government investment. We
14should launch a new batch of major landmark projects on the basis of proper
planning and deliberation. We should improve the long-term mechanisms for
facilitating the participation of private enterprises in major projects and better
leverage the guiding role of government investment funds, so as to spur
private investment, increase its overall share, and boost growth momentum
for market-driven effective investment.
17. Eliminating bottlenecks and obstacles hindering the development of a unified
national market
We must ensure that the underlying institutions and rules of the market
are unified across the nation. We should refine the systems for property rights
protection, market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and
reorganizations, and market exit and remove barriers related to production
factor access, qualification accreditation, public bidding, and government
procurement. We should regulate the economic promotion activities of local
governments, eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, and
address rat race competition through holistic measures.
We should ensure unified law enforcement in market regulation,
strengthen quality supervision, refine the standards on administrative
discretion, and enhance law enforcement and judicial administration efforts to
tackle monopolies and unfair competition. Our aim is to create a market order
where good quality commands good prices and healthy competition prevails.
We should establish well-aligned distribution rules and standards and
pursue higher standards in enhancing market facility connectivity to cut
logistics costs throughout society. We should improve the statistical, fiscal, tax,
and evaluation systems to facilitate the development of a unified market and
work toward optimized profit sharing between corporate headquarters and
branches and between places of production and consumption.
VI. Developing a High-Standard Socialist Market Economy and Boosting
the Momentum for High-Quality Development
A high-standard socialist market economy serves as an important
guarantee for Chinese modernization. We should uphold and improve
China’s basic socialist economic systems, better leverage the leading role of
economic structural reform, and improve the macroeconomic governance
system to ensure steady and sustained progress in high-quality development.
18. Stimulating the vitality of all market entities
We must uphold and fulfill our commitments to both the public and the
nonpublic sectors2 and see that economic entities under diverse forms of
ownership complement each other and develop side by side. Reform of state
capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) should be deepened. To help state
capital and SOEs get stronger, perform better, and grow bigger, we should
refine the layout of the state-owned sector, adjust its structure, and enhance
the core functions and competitiveness of SOEs.
Acting in line with the Private Sector Promotion Law, we should leverage
legal and institutional safeguards to see that all economic entities have equal
access to factors of production and compete in the market on a level playing
field and that their lawful rights and interests are effectively protected. All
this will help the private sector grow bigger and stronger. We should support
the development of SMEs and self-employed individuals and promote
integrated and collaborative development of enterprises of all sizes.
We should strengthen law enforcement and judicial administration to
protect property rights and tighten judicial oversight over coercive measures
such as the sealing, sequestering, and freezing of assets. We should refine the
modern corporate system with distinctive Chinese features and promote
entrepreneurial spirit to foster a greater number of world-class enterprises at
a faster pace.
19. Moving faster to improve the institutions and mechanisms for market-based
allocation of production factors
To promote the efficient allocation of all types of resources and
production factors, we should develop a robust unified market for urban and
rural construction land, a fully functional capital market, a free-flowing labor
market, and a technology market that facilitates efficient industrial
application. A national macro balance sheet should be established to give us a
full picture of existing resources and assets and help us improve asset-liability
ratios. Merger and acquisition, bankruptcy, and replacement policies should
be improved to help put underused land, vacant housing, and idle
infrastructure to better use.
We should refine the laws and regulations for renewing the rights to use
land for industrial and commercial purposes and prudently proceed with
relevant work in accordance with the law. The idle state-owned assets held by
administrative departments and public institutions nationwide should be put
2
We must stay committed to unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector and
unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the nonpublic sector. 17
to good use and open for sharing. The enforcement of judicial rulings should
be better aligned with the bankruptcy system so that seized and frozen assets
will be used effectively in accordance with the law.
20. Making macroeconomic governance more effective
We should strengthen the strategic guidance of national development
plans, enhance coordination between fiscal and monetary policies, and
leverage the roles of industrial, price, employment, consumption, investment,
trade, regional, environmental protection, and regulation policies to create
more models of economic growth that is led by domestic demand, driven by
consumption, and sustained by self-generating momentum. We should
bolster counter- and cross-cyclical adjustments and implement more proactive
macro policies to keep growth, employment, and expectations stable. We
should make macro policy orientations more consistent, strengthen
evaluations of policy outcomes, refine expectations management mechanisms,
and optimize comprehensive performance evaluations of high-quality
development.
The role of proactive fiscal policy should be leveraged to improve fiscal
sustainability. We should promote sound fiscal management and better
coordinate fiscal resources and budgets to provide greater financial support
for major national strategic tasks and basic public wellbeing initiatives. We
should advance zero-based budgeting reform, unify budget allocation powers,
optimize spending structures, and tighten performance-based budget
management.
We should improve the local tax system and the direct tax system, refine
taxation policies on income generated from business operations, capital, and
property, and place tax break policies under better regulation. The overall tax
burden should be kept at an appropriate level. The central government
should hold more fiscal powers as appropriate and accordingly raise the
proportion of its expenditure. More fiscal resources should be placed at the
disposal of local governments. Oversight on accounting should be enhanced.
Expedited efforts should be made to establish long-term mechanisms for
government debt management that meet the needs of high-quality
development.
We should work faster to boost China’s strength in finance. We should
refine the central bank system, establish a well-conceived, prudent monetary
policy system and a far-ranging macro-prudential regulation system, and
improve the monetary policy transmission mechanism. We should step up efforts to develop technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance,
pension finance, and digital finance. We should make the capital market more
institutionally inclusive and adaptable and better balance its investment and
financing functions. We should actively develop direct financing such as
equity and bonds and promote steady development of futures, derivatives,
and asset securitization.
We should improve the system of financial institutions and encourage
institutions of all types to focus on their core business, improve their
governance, and pursue distinctive development paths. Secure and efficient
financial infrastructure should be put in place, and the digital Renminbi (RMB)
should be steadily developed. We should move faster to build Shanghai into
an international financial center. We should tighten up financial regulation
across the board, with the central and local governments working in closer
collaboration. We should draw on a full range of resources and means to
address risks and develop the system for preventing and defusing risks, so as
to ensure stable operations in the financial sector.
VII. Promoting High-Standard Opening Up and Creating New Horizons for
Mutually Beneficial Cooperation
Opening up and cooperation for mutual benefit are integral to Chinese
modernization. We must continue to expand opening up at the institutional
level, safeguard the multilateral trading system, and promote broader
international economic flows. We should draw momentum from opening up
to propel reform and development, and share opportunities with the rest of
the world and promote common development.
21. Opening China wider to the outside world
We should promote alignment with high-standard international economic
and trade rules, expand market access and open up more areas, in particular
in the service sector, and unilaterally open up more sectors to more regions.
We should work faster to facilitate regional and bilateral trade and
investment agreements, and expand our network of high-standard free trade
areas.
We should optimize the regional planning for opening up and cultivate a
diverse array of pacesetters in this regard. We should implement the strategy
of upgrading pilot free trade zones and develop the Hainan Free Trade Port to
high standards. Well-coordinated moves should be made to build major
platforms for opening up and cooperation in areas such as technological
innovation, trade in services, and industrial development.
We should advance the internationalization of the RMB, pursue greater
openness of RMB capital accounts, and build a homegrown, risk-controllable
cross-border RMB payment system. We should promote reform in global
economic and financial governance and work toward establishing and
preserving an international economic order based on fairness, justice,
openness, inclusiveness, and mutually beneficial cooperation.
22. Promoting the innovative development of trade
We should enhance both quality and performance in foreign trade and
work faster to turn China into a strong trading nation. We need to promote
market diversification and the integrated development of domestic and
foreign trade. We should optimize and upgrade trade in goods, expand green
trade and trade in intermediate goods, and pursue balanced development of
imports and exports.
We should boost the development of trade in services by encouraging
exports, refining the negative list-based management system for cross-border
trade, and improving standards. In the domain of digital trade, we should
pursue innovative development and take well-ordered steps to expand
opening up. We should enhance the functions of trade promotion platforms
and support the development of new forms and models of business such as
cross-border e-commerce. Mechanisms for export control and security review
should be improved.
23. Expanding two-way investment cooperation
We should foster new strengths in attracting foreign investment, ensuring
both easy market access and accommodating business environments for
foreign investors, shortening the negative list for foreign investment, and
facilitating reinvestments made by foreign-funded enterprises in our country.
We should improve the system of services and support for foreign investors,
fully implement national treatment for foreign-funded firms, ensure efficient,
convenient, and safe cross-border data flows, and create an institutional
environment that is transparent, stable, and predictable.
We should effectively manage outbound investment, improve
comprehensive overseas services, and promote the integrated development of
trade and investment. We should guide the overseas distribution of industrial
and supply chains in a rational, orderly manner.
24. Pursuing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation
We should strengthen strategic alignment with Belt and Road partner
countries and better coordinate and manage cooperation programs. We
should enhance connectivity in terms of both infrastructure and rules and
standards and foster closer bonds with the people in these countries. We need
to refine the multidimensional network connecting partner countries and
advance both major signature projects and ―small and beautiful‖ public
wellbeing projects. Rail freight transportation between China and Europe and
between China and other parts of Asia should be improved, and construction
on the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor should pick up speed.
We should deepen practical cooperation in the areas of trade, investment,
industrial development, and people-to-people exchanges and launch new
cooperation initiatives across fields such as green development, AI, the digital
economy, health, tourism, and agriculture. We should improve the
investment and financing systems to make them more diversified, sustainable,
and risk-resilient. Our overseas interests should also be better protected.
VIII. Accelerating Agricultural and Rural Modernization and
Advancing All-Around Rural Revitalization
Agricultural and rural modernization has a major bearing on Chinese
modernization as a whole and the outcomes it delivers. We must give top
priority to the issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents.
We need to promote integrated urban-rural development, continue to
consolidate and expand our achievements in poverty alleviation, basically
ensure modern living conditions in rural areas, and secure faster progress in
building up China’s strength in agriculture.
25. Enhancing the overall production capacity, quality, and performance of
agriculture
We should emphasize both output and production capacity, both
agricultural production and ecological conservation, and both output
expansion and income growth and coordinate efforts to make agriculture
more technology-driven, eco-friendly, quality-focused, and brand-oriented,
thereby turning it into a modern pillar sector. We should step up efforts to
advance a new round of initiatives for increasing grain production capacity
by 50 million metric tons and improve our capacity for ensuring the supply of
grain and other major agricultural products.
To ensure that the total area of China’s arable land stays above the
specified redline, we must exercise strict management over the process of
offsetting cultivated land that has been put to non-agricultural uses and
improve the layout of agricultural land through a holistic approach. We
should advance the high-quality development of high-standard cropland and
strengthen the protection of black soil and the comprehensive use of saline
and alkaline soils to improve the quality of our arable land.
We should press ahead with initiatives to invigorate the seed industry
and drive the R&D and application of high-end, smart agricultural machinery
and equipment suited to hilly and mountainous areas. We should enhance
agricultural efficiency through a combination of high-quality land, superior
seeds, advanced machinery, and effective methods. To foster a diversified
food supply system, we should continue to advance farming, forestry, animal
husbandry, and fisheries in tandem and develop modern protected
agriculture. We should boost the development of the non-timber forest-based
economy and the forestry and grassland sectors.
We should keep rural land contract relationships stable and make steady
progress in trials on extending second-round rural land contracts by another
30 years upon their expiration. We should develop appropriately scaled
agricultural operations, improve the quality of new types of agribusiness,
make commercial services for agriculture more accessible and efficient, and
encourage small rural households to become involved in modern agriculture.
26. Building a beautiful and harmonious countryside for people to live and work
in
We should draw on the experience gained in the Green Rural Revival
Program in Zhejiang Province, refine the mechanisms for countryside
development based on local conditions, and adopt a zonal, category-based
approach to systematically advancing rural revitalization. We should take
well-ordered steps to put in place more complete infrastructure systems,
make public services more accessible, and improve the living environment in
rural areas. We should coordinate our work on improving the layouts of
villages and towns and promote the integrated planning, construction, and
maintenance of county infrastructure.
We should make coordinated efforts to advance territorial space
governance at the county level and steadily carry out comprehensive
county-wide land improvement initiatives. We should continue improving
the rural living environment, devoting tenacious efforts to dealing with issues
such as upgrading toilets and clearing up waste, and moving faster to address
inadequacies in the provision of proper modern amenities, so as to create fine
living spaces in rural areas.
We should develop county economies with unique features, explore
multiple functions of agriculture, and promote greater integration of primary,
secondary, and tertiary sectors in rural areas. We should nurture distinctive
rural industries and refine the mechanisms for involving more rural residents
to help sustain rural income growth.
27. Ensuring that policies aimed at strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers,
and enriching rural areas deliver greater outcomes
We should improve the diversified investment framework based on
priority fiscal support, preferential financial backing, and broad participation
by non-governmental entities, all to ensure that investment in rural
revitalization continues to rise. We should keep farmers motivated in growing
grains or engaging in other agricultural activities by giving them stronger
price, subsidy, and insurance support in a more coordinated way. We should
increase compensation for major grain-producing areas and implement a
cross-provincial mechanism for major grain-purchasing areas to compensate
major grain-producing areas. We should enhance grain purchases and sales
and better manage grain reserves.
The import of agricultural products should be further diversified, and
trade and production should be better coordinated. We should promote the
two-way flow of production factors between urban and rural areas and
provide incentives for various types of personnel to offer services, start
businesses, or seek employment in rural areas. We should promote the
economical, efficient use of rural collective land designated for
business-related construction, put idle land and vacant housing to good use in
accordance with the law, and ensure the provision of rural development land
across various categories. Support should be provided for the development of
new rural collective economies.
We should make coordinated efforts to establish regular mechanisms for
preventing rural residents from lapsing or relapsing into poverty. We should
continue to provide well-targeted assistance, strengthen support to help those
most in need, ramp up development-based assistance, and boost internal
impetus for development. We should provide multi-tiered and categorized
assistance for underdeveloped areas, enhance policies supporting key
counties in need of assistance in achieving rural revitalization, and make
every effort to guard against any large-scale lapse or relapse into poverty.IX. Refining the Regional Economic Layout and Promoting Coordinated
Regional Development
Coordinated regional development is essential for Chinese modernization.
We should give full play to the synergies between the coordinated regional
development strategy, major regional strategies, the functional zoning
strategy, and the new urbanization strategy, improve the distribution of major
productive forces, and ensure that key regions play their role as growth poles.
Our goal is to develop a regional economic layout and a territorial space
system that enable regions to leverage their complementary strengths in
pursuit of high-quality development.
28. Promoting more coordinated regional development
We should take solid steps to open up a new vista in the large-scale
development of the western region, achieve new breakthroughs in the full
revitalization of the Northeast, accelerate the rise of the central region, and
encourage the eastern region to modernize more quickly. We should promote
more coordinated development between the eastern, central, and western
regions and between the southern and northern regions.
We should consolidate and enhance the roles of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Greater Bay Area as engines of high-quality development. We should
continue to advance the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt and
ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River
basin. We should build Xiong’an New Area into a modern city through
high-standard, high-quality development and boost the development capacity
of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone.
We should encourage all regions to leverage their comparative
advantages and distinctive strengths. We should support major provincial
economies in assuming greater responsibility and encourage them to play a
leading, exemplary role in advancing Chinese modernization. We should
strengthen tailored policy support to promote the revitalization and
development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority
populations, and border areas.
29. Boosting interconnected development between regions
We should advance the construction of major corridors between regions
and across river basins and strengthen regional infrastructure connectivity.
We should push forward with the coordinated and interconnected
development of key city clusters and promote more efficient regional
collaboration in industrial and innovation chains.
We should accelerate the development of city clusters along the middle
reaches of the Yangtze River and in other areas, develop a number of major
cities as regional centers, and give better play to the role of cross-regional
areas in supporting and driving the development of surrounding regions. We
should increase cooperation across administrative divisions, improve
mechanisms to facilitate coordinated planning, industrial collaboration, and
benefit sharing between different regions, and develop new regional growth
models such as the river basin economy.
30. Improving the development of territorial spaces
We should intensify our efforts to implement the functional zoning
strategy. We should keep the general layout encompassing urban zones,
major agricultural production zones, and key ecosystem service zones stable,
formulate detailed, specific plans for special functional zones, and refine
relevant supporting policies and assessment and evaluation mechanisms. We
should also work to optimize the layouts of strategic industries and energy
and resource bases.
The territorial space planning system should be improved. We should
enforce and refine arable land and permanent basic cropland redlines,
ecological conservation redlines, and urban development boundaries, and
implement differentiated and rigorous regulation on territorial space use in
different regions and categories. Provincial-level governments should be
given more power to manage land designated for construction purposes. We
should explore an approach to keeping the total area of construction land
within the limit set for each planning period and ensure the supply of land by
taking stock of both existing and new land resources.
31. Promoting people-centered new urbanization
We should take well-conceived, systematic measures to grant permanent
urban residency to people who move to cities from rural areas and implement
systems that allow people to obtain household registration and access basic
public services in their place of permanent residence. We should modernize
the governance of super-large and mega cities, accelerate integrated
development in city clusters and in metropolitan areas, optimize the scale and
spatial structures of cities, and work to ensure that cities of different sizes and
small towns develop in coordination with each other to form efficient and
closely knit layouts. We should adopt a categorized approach to advancing
urbanization with a focus on county seats, with the aim of better supporting
industrial development and improving public services. We should continue to
tap the full potential of cities, make a strong push to advance urban renewal,
and build people-centered modern cities that are innovative, livable, beautiful,
resilient, culturally rich, and smart. Concrete steps should also be taken to
promote the development of cities and towns in border regions.
32. Strengthening marine development, utilization, and protection
We should pursue coordinated land and marine development, increase
the capacity for sea management, advance high-quality development of the
marine economy, and step up efforts to build China into a strong maritime
country. Innovation in marine science and technology should be strengthened.
We should consolidate and enhance our edge in marine equipment
manufacturing, build up emerging maritime industries, and develop modern
shipping services.
We should conduct marine surveys, observation, and monitoring and
advance the development and utilization of marine energy and resources, sea
areas, and islands. The protection and restoration of ecosystems in key sea
areas should be strengthened. Systems for supporting deep-sea and
polar-region expeditions should be improved. We must resolutely safeguard
our maritime rights, interests, and security and improve our capacity for
maritime law enforcement and judicial administration of marine affairs.
X. Inspiring the Cultural Creativity of Our Entire Nation and Fostering a
Thriving Socialist Culture
A flourishing culture is a hallmark of Chinese modernization. We must
uphold the guiding role of Marxism in the ideological domain, remain rooted
in the broad and rich Chinese culture, and follow the trends of information
technology. On this basis, we should develop a socialist culture with Chinese
characteristics for the new era—a culture that has the power to guide, unite,
and inspire our people and enjoys strong international appeal. This will see us
making tangible progress in building China into a country with a strong
culture.
33. Promoting and practicing the core socialist values
We should devote greater efforts to the study, public communication, and
education of the Party’s latest theories and continue to build cohesion and
inner strength with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese
Characteristics for a New Era. We should develop new approaches to
implementing the project to study and develop Marxist theory and accelerate
the building of a Chinese intellectual system in philosophy and social sciences.
We should steer our cultural development with the core socialist values,
harness the role of culture in nurturing the mind and cultivating character,
and further elevate the morale of the entire nation.
We should promote credibility and integrity in society. We should
strengthen and improve theoretical and political work, promote the
development of campus culture, make the best use of resources related to the
Party’s heritage, and work to foster ideals and convictions among our young
people. We should make coordinated efforts to promote cultural-ethical
progress in both urban and rural areas, with a view to fostering civic virtue
and enhancing public civility. Greater efforts should be made to improve the
quality and management of online content. We should enhance our
governance capacity in the cultural sector in the information age.
34. Boosting cultural programs
We should foster a sound cultural ecosystem, nurture original cultural
creation, and promote the production of outstanding works in fields such as
the press, publishing, radio, television, film, literature, and art. We need to
develop a large, well-structured contingent of high-performing, dedicated,
and innovative personnel in the cultural sector. We should roll out
broad-based public cultural activities and promote new forms of literature
and art for the general public in the internet age. We should push forward
with the systemic transformation of mainstream media and the integrated
management of media communication and online public opinion, so the
mainstream media serves to better guide public opinion.
We should continue with the project to pass on and develop fine
traditional Chinese culture. Cultural heritage protection should be
systematically advanced and put under unified supervision and inspection.
Effective preservation approaches should be adopted in cities, urban districts,
towns, and villages renowned for their historical and cultural heritage to see
that they continue to develop as living monuments to history. We should
build and make good use of national cultural parks and develop a system of
defining symbols of Chinese culture.
Cultural development must remain oriented toward the public benefit,
and initiatives should be launched to enhance the quality and efficiency of
public cultural services. Further efforts should be made to foster a culture of
reading in our society. Recreational and competitive sports should be
developed through a coordinated approach to see that we make faster
progress in building China into a country strong in sports.
35. Accelerating the development of cultural industries
Improvements should be made to the cultural management system and
the mechanisms for production and operations in the cultural sector. We
should refine the systems for cultural industries and markets, cultivate
outstanding cultural enterprises and brands, implement the strategy of
boosting the cultural sector through major projects, and roll out proactive
economic policies for the sector.
We need to further integrate culture and technology. We must empower
cultural development with digital and intelligent technologies and shift to an
IT-based development model, while working to foster new forms of cultural
business. We should provide guidance and regulation to promote sound
development of online literature, games, and audio & video content, and
strengthen the protection of minors in cyberspace.
To boost China’s tourism sector, we should develop a broader range of
high-grade tourism products and improve the quality of tourism services.
More convenient and foreigner-friendly services should be provided for
inbound tourists. We should spur deeper integration of culture and tourism
through the vigorous development of cultural tourism and use culture to
empower economic and social development.
36. Extending the reach and appeal of Chinese civilization
We should improve the institutions and mechanisms for international
communication. We need to create new mediums and ways of conducting
communication, further develop key communication centers, and see that the
mainstream media enhances its capacity for international communication.
Our goal is to give China a stronger voice in the international arena on all
fronts, better tell China’s stories, and present a China that is credible,
appealing, and respectable.
We should strengthen country and region studies to make international
communication more effective. We should engage in deeper exchanges and
mutual learning with other cultures, carry out extensive people-to-people
exchanges and cooperation, and encourage efforts to build the presence of
more cultural enterprises and fine cultural works on the world stage.
XI. Ensuring and Improving Public Wellbeing and Promoting Common
Prosperity for All
Meeting the people’s aspirations for a better life is the immutable goal of
Chinese modernization. In line with the principle of doing everything within
our means, we must ensure that public services are inclusive, meet essential
needs, and provide a cushion for those most in need, and work to resolve the
pressing difficulties and problems that concern the people most. The channels
of social mobility should remain unimpeded, and living standards should be
further improved.
37. Promoting high-quality full employment
We should push forward with the employment-first strategy, improve
related support mechanisms, and make our development model more
employment-friendly. We should foster greater synergy between industry
and employment, actively nurture new jobs and occupations, and help
enterprises stabilize payrolls and step up hiring.
We should improve the mechanisms for matching the supply of human
resources with demand, refine the system of lifelong vocational skills training,
and work to effectively guide public opinion regarding career choices and
personnel recruitment, with a view to addressing structural employment
challenges. We should refine the employment support and public services
system, and stabilize and expand employment among key groups, including
college graduates, rural migrant workers, and ex-service members. We should
also promote the healthy development of flexible and new forms of
employment.
We should ramp up support for entrepreneurship and help business
startups create more jobs. We should refine labor standards and the
mechanisms for labor relation consultations and mediation and better protect
the rights and interests of workers to create a fair and orderly employment
environment. We should improve assessment, monitoring, and early warning
regarding employment impacts, and respond in a holistic way to the effects of
external changes and emerging technologies on employment.
38. Improving the income distribution system
We must keep distribution according to work as the mainstay with
multiple forms of distribution existing alongside it. We should work to raise
the share of personal income in the distribution of national income and give
more weight to work remuneration in primary distribution.
We should improve the mechanisms through which the contributions of
production factors are determined by the market and rewarded accordingly
in primary distribution. This will allow higher incomes for those who work
hard, possess highly valued skills, or excel at innovation. We should also
improve the mechanisms for determining wages, keeping them increasing at
a reasonable rate, and ensuring their full payment. We should implement a
system for collective wage bargaining, refine the mechanism for minimum
wage adjustments, and strengthen macro guidance for enterprises on wage
distribution.
We should leverage multiple channels to increase the property income of
both urban and rural residents and promote further redistribution by means
of taxation, social security, and transfer payments. Public interest activities
and charities should be advanced and placed under better regulation. We
should keep income distribution and the means of accumulating wealth
well-regulated and support the acquirement of wealth through hard work,
innovation, and lawful activities. We should encourage those who are already
well-off to assist others in increasing wealth and promote prosperity for all.
We should put into effect an income growth plan for both urban and rural
residents, effectively increase the earnings of low-income people, steadily
enlarge the middle-income group, make reasonable adjustments to excessive
incomes, and eliminate illicit gains, all with the aim of facilitating the
formation of an oval-shaped structure of distribution.
39. Developing education that meets the people’s expectations
We should carry out the project of fostering virtue through education in
the new era, promote effective integration between political studies in the
classroom and practice in society, and strengthen physical, aesthetic, and
labor skills education. The educational assessment system should also be
refined. We should improve the mechanisms for allocating educational
resources in response to demographic changes and channel more resources to
urban areas with net inflows of school-age populations.
We should steadily expand the coverage of free education and explore the
extension of the length of compulsory education. Basic education should be
upgraded: coordinated efforts should be made to ensure more balanced,
better-quality compulsory education and more inclusive and higher-quality
preschool education; more resources should go to regular senior secondary
schools; and special needs and specialized education programs should be well
run.
We should expand and improve higher education and increase
enrollment in quality undergraduate programs. We should enhance the
training capacities of vocational schools and develop vocational colleges with
distinctive features. We should guide and regulate the development of private
education and expand high-standard opening up in the education sector.
We should promote the educators’ ethos, cultivate high-caliber teachers,
and ensure better pay and benefits for teachers. We should improve the
school-family-society collaboration mechanism in education, advance the
digital transformation strategy for education, and optimize public services in
support of lifelong learning.
40. Improving the social security system
We should improve and implement the unified national management
system for basic old-age insurance funds, move faster to develop the
multi-tiered, multi-pillar old-age insurance system, and improve the
mechanisms for setting and adjusting benefits. Basic old-age insurance
benefits for rural and non-working urban residents should be gradually
increased. We should improve the multi-tiered medical security system,
advance unified management of basic medical insurance funds at the
provincial level, and improve the policies on centralized medicine
procurement, medical insurance payment, and the use of surplus funds. We
should expand the coverage of unemployment insurance and workers’
compensation schemes and build sound systems for occupational injury
insurance. We should improve the policies for transferring social security
accounts and work for wider social security coverage among rural migrant
workers as well as people in flexible employment and new forms of
employment.
We should improve the social insurance actuarial system, continue to
transfer a portion of state capital to replenish social security funds, and
improve the mechanisms for guaranteeing long-term, sustainable
contributions to social security funds, conducting overall management and
regulation of funds, maintaining and increasing their value, and ensuring
their safety. Commercial insurance schemes should be leveraged as a
supplementary support. We should improve the unified national platform for
social insurance public services and the management of and services by
insurance agencies nationwide.
We should refine the social assistance system, improve the service and
support system for elderly people who live alone, children in need, and
people with disabilities, and put in place a sound system for basic funeral
services. We must remain committed to the basic state policy of gender
equality and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children.
We should continue to improve services and support for ex-service members.
41. Promoting high-quality development in the real estate sector
We must work faster to cultivate a new development model for the real
estate sector and further improve foundational systems for the development,
financing, and sales of commodity housing. We should improve the supply of
government-subsidized housing to meet the basic housing needs of urban
salaried workers and families with difficulties. City-specific policies should be
adopted to increase supply to meet people’s needs for better housing. We
should build more houses that are safe, comfortable, eco-friendly, and smart
and carry out projects to improve housing quality and initiatives to improve
property services. A full life-cycle safety management system should be
introduced for housing.
42. Advancing the Healthy China Initiative
We should implement a health-first strategy, refine the framework of
policies and institutions for promoting people’s health, and deliver better
outcomes in patriotic health campaigns to raise the average life expectancy
and improve the people’s health. We should increase our public health
capacity, strengthen the disease control system, and effectively prevent and
control major infectious diseases.
We should improve the mechanisms for coordinated development and
governance of medical services, medical insurance, and pharmaceuticals and
promote tiered diagnosis and treatment. We should push ahead with reforms
related to the staffing, service charges, remuneration systems, and overall
regulation of public hospitals to ensure that they truly serve the public
interest. In addition, greater support should be provided for the running of
county, district, and community-level medical institutions. We should refine
the functions and layout of medical institutions, launch initiatives to
strengthen community-level medical and health services, and harness digital
and intelligent technologies to improve the health of the entire nation.
We should strengthen comprehensive prevention and control of chronic
diseases and develop end-to-end services covering prevention, treatment,
rehabilitation, and health management. We should increase our overall
capacity in terms of emergency treatment, first aid, blood supply, and other
aspects of emergency response. Greater efforts should be made to ensure that
medical and healthcare personnel provide better services and uphold
professional ethics.
We should promote the preservation and innovative development of
traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as well as integrated application of TCM
and Western medicine. We should support the development of innovative
drugs and medical apparatus and instruments and provide better mental and
psychological health services.
43. Promoting high-quality population development
A sound system will be instituted to provide full life-cycle population
services to all. We should encourage positive views on marriage and
childbearing, refine the policies and incentives for boosting birth rates, and
effectively bring down the costs of childbirth, parenting, and education
through childcare subsidies and personal income tax credits. We should
improve the maternity insurance system, better implement parental leave,
and carry out initiatives to provide better services for women in the early
stages of pregnancy, improve reproductive health, and better prevent and
treat birth defects. We should expand demonstrations and trials for
subsidized childcare services, provide support for public-benefit childcare
services and integrated nursery and childcare services, and take steps to
improve relevant systems. Better health services should be ensured for
women and children.
We must actively respond to population aging and refine the policies and
mechanisms for coordinating the development of elderly care programs and
industries. We should enhance the provision of basic elderly care services,
improve elderly care service networks in both urban and rural areas, and
renovate more public facilities to make them age-friendly and barrier-free. We
should provide medical services integrated with infant care and elderly care.
We should roll out insurance schemes for long-term care, improve the care
system for seniors who are functionally impaired, and expand rehabilitation
services and hospice care. The statutory retirement age should be gradually
raised in a prudent manner. We should improve relevant policies on age
requirements related to employment and social security, actively tap elderly
human resources, and develop the silver economy.
44. Ensuring more equitable access to basic public services
We should establish assessment standards for equitable access to basic
public services, refine the scope and specifics of these services, and define the
targets, pathways, and measures for realizing equitable access to them. We
should channel more public services toward the community level, rural areas,
remote regions, and people in need, and improve the mechanisms for
allocating public resources according to the size of permanent resident
population. We should better coordinate the supply of basic public services at
the county level and improve long-term mechanisms to guarantee the inputs
for their provision. We should deepen the reform of public institutions across
the board.
XII. Accelerating the Green Transition across the Board and Building a
Beautiful China
Green development is a defining feature of Chinese modernization. We
must unwaveringly uphold the principle that lucid waters and lush
mountains are invaluable assets and put it into concrete action. Guided by our
goals of achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality, we should
make concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue
green development, and boost economic growth. We must reinforce our
ecological security shields and strengthen our green development drivers.
45. Pressing ahead with the critical battle against pollution and the drive to
upgrade ecosystems
With a commitment to protecting the environment for our people, we
should fully implement the policy of combating pollution in a targeted,
scientific, and law-based way. Greater attention should be paid to addressing
pollution at source. We should better coordinate efforts to reduce pollution
and carbon emissions, control multiple pollutants, and carry out
cross-regional initiatives. Fresh headway should be made in keeping our skies
blue, waters clear, and lands clean.
We should expedite the implementation of an oversight system for
stationary pollution sources centered on emissions permits. We should launch
initiatives for the comprehensive treatment of solid waste, intensify the
prevention and control of environmental risks, and make substantial progress
in treating new pollutants. We should improve the systems for environmental
standards, monitoring, and assessment, as well as the evaluation of relevant
work.
We should follow a holistic and systematic approach to the conservation
and improvement of mountain, water, forest, farmland, grassland, and desert
ecosystems and coordinate efforts to advance major projects for protecting
and restoring key ecosystems. We should strictly enforce ecological
conservation redlines, strive for extensive progress in developing the national
park-based system of protected areas, and establish more national parks in a
well-ordered manner.
We should enhance biodiversity protection and launch evaluations of the
outcomes of ecological conservation and restoration. We should carry out
large-scale greening programs in a well-planned way, score new
achievements in this crucial stage of the national shelterbelt program in
northwest, north, and northeast China, and reinforce ecological shields in
regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
We should refine the mechanisms for diverse forms of ecological
compensation and broaden the channels for realizing the market value of
ecosystem goods and services based on local conditions. We should step up
the ecological conservation and systematic governance of important rivers,
lakes, and reservoirs. We should continue to effectively enforce the 10-year
fishing ban on the Yangtze River.
46. Moving faster to develop a new type of energy system
We should steadily increase the share of new energy in the total energy
supply, advance the systematic transition from fossil fuels to safe, reliable
alternatives, and build a new electric power system, all with the aim of
making our country strong in the energy sector.
We should develop wind, photovoltaic, hydro, and nuclear energy,
promote both local grid integration and outward power transmission, and
boost high-quality development of clean energy. We should promote clean
and efficient use of fossil fuels, continue to upgrade coal-fired power plants,
and phase out the use of coal in non-industrial sectors.
We should make power grids safer and more resilient and enhance the
complementarity between them. Sound plans should be drawn up for
pumped-storage hydropower, new types of energy storage should be
developed, and the construction of smart grids and microgrids should be
accelerated. We should increase the proportion of electricity in final energy
consumption and encourage green and low-carbon energy consumption. We
should accelerate efforts to foster robust market and pricing mechanisms for a
new energy system.
47. Working actively and prudently toward peaking carbon emissions
Both the total amount and intensity of carbon emissions must be
controlled. To this end, we should push ahead with retrofitting for energy
conservation and carbon emissions reduction and work toward reaching peak
consumption of coal and petroleum. We should refine the statistical and
accounting systems for carbon emissions while making steady headway in
enforcing policies and systems for assessment of carbon-related performance
of local authorities, carbon control by industries, carbon management by
enterprises, carbon evaluation for projects, and carbon footprint management
for products.
We should develop distributed energy sources and build zero-carbon
factories and industrial parks. We should expand the coverage of the China
Carbon Emission Trade Exchange and build the National Voluntary
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trading Market at a faster pace. We
should adopt sound standards for green and low-carbon development,
spearhead improvements to relevant international rules and standards, and
promote alignment and mutual recognition between domestic and
international rules and standards. We should improve the working system for
climate change adaption to bolster our ability to respond to climate change,
especially extreme weather conditions.
48. Accelerating the shift to eco-friendly production practices and lifestyles
We should continue to exercise region-specific environmental
management and better align it with territorial space plans, and make
coordinated efforts to optimize industrial distribution. We should promote
green and low-carbon transitions in industry, urban and rural development,
transportation, energy, and other key sectors. The systems for total resource
consumption control and comprehensive resource conservation should be
improved, and refuse sorting and recycling should be stepped up to boost the
circular economy.
We should devote sustained efforts to building national experimental
areas for ecological conservation, establish pilot zones under the Beautiful
China Initiative, and foster pacesetters for green development. We should
pursue fiscal, tax, financial, investment, pricing, sci-tech, and environmental
policies that will drive green and low-carbon development. Incentives for
eco-friendly consumption should be boosted, and green and low-carbon
lifestyles should be promoted.
XIII. Modernizing China’s National Security System and Capacity and
Building a Peaceful ChinaBuilding a Peaceful China is an integral part of the Chinese
modernization drive. We must remain steadfast in applying a holistic
approach to national security and follow a socialist path of social governance
with Chinese characteristics to ensure that our society is both full of vitality
and in good order.
49. Improving the national security system
We should consolidate our centralized, unified, high-performing, and
authoritative leadership system for national security, act faster to develop a
new security architecture, and enhance our strategic initiative to safeguard
and shape national security. Guided by our strategies, leveraging policy
instruments and law-based safeguards, and aiming at mitigating risks, we
should improve the legal, strategy, policy, and risk management systems for
national security. Mechanisms for coordinating national security efforts in key
sectors and projects should be improved to ensure more efficient response to
emergencies and changes.
With the responsibility system for national security fully functioning, we
should promote interaction and coordination among all elements across the
entire security chain to generate systemic synergy. We should refine
mechanisms for ensuring national security in foreign affairs, establish our
systems for ensuring overseas security, and step up our fight against foreign
sanctions, interference, and long-arm jurisdiction. We should strengthen
international law enforcement cooperation on security and promote better
global security governance. We should raise public awareness of national
security to build a strong public line of defense.
50. Building up national security capacity in key sectors
We must develop tried and tested national security capabilities, placing
emphasis on the aspects of security that are essential to the enduring peace
and stability of our country, the sound and stable development of our
economy, and the wellbeing of our people, and with political security as the
top priority.
The fundamentals underpinning national security must be consolidated.
To this end, we should ensure the security of food, energy and resources, key
industrial and supply chains, and major infrastructure; step up efforts to
explore, develop, and build reserves of strategic mineral resources; promote
the efficient and safe use of water resources; ensure the security of strategic
corridors; and continue to develop our strategic hinterland and ensure
backup plans for key industries.
Capacity building on national security should be bolstered in emerging
domains, including cyberspace, data, AI, biology, ecology, nuclear energy,
outer space, deep sea, the polar regions, and low-altitude airspace. We should
improve our ability to prevent and defuse risks in key sectors, taking
coordinated steps to address those related to real estate, local government
debt, small and medium financial institutions, and other areas in a
well-ordered manner. This will enable us to guard against systemic risks.
51. Enhancing public safety governance
The public safety system should be improved to drive a shift toward a
prevention-based governance model. We should strengthen the monitoring,
forecasting, and early warning of meteorological, hydrological, and geological
disasters; enhance our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief
and for major public emergency response and support; and step up our work
in emergency response command, workplace safety, and food and drug safety.
Greater efforts should be devoted to making our critical infrastructure
intrinsically safer in order to effectively prevent major and serious accidents.
We need to further develop our integrated system and capacity for
maintaining law and order. We should ensure that responsibility for
protecting social stability is fulfilled, encourage broader public participation
in crime prevention and control, build robust mechanisms for combating and
rooting out organized crime on an ongoing basis, and redouble efforts to
prevent and crack down on telecom and online fraud and drug-related crime.
The well-regulated development of integrated governance centers should
be advanced. We should enhance comprehensive cybersecurity governance
and better protect personal information. We should step up efforts to prevent
and control juvenile delinquency. We should fully and faithfully implement
the policy of severity tempered by leniency in handling criminal cases, punish
illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law, and improve the
quality and efficiency of penal decision enforcement.
52. Improving the social governance system
To modernize social governance, we should adhere to systematic,
law-based, and holistic approaches to addressing issues at source and
improve the social governance system based on collaboration, participation,
and benefit sharing. We should also improve the institutions and mechanisms
for social work and refine the legal and policy frameworks for social
governance. Party building initiatives should be enhanced in new types of
economic and social organizations and among groups in new forms of
employment. We should strengthen cultivation and management of social
organizations and facilitate the reform and development of trade associations
and chambers of commerce.
We should better guide efforts to conduct community-level governance
and strengthen primary-level governments through Party building. Lists of
duties for town, township, and urban sub-district governments should be
fully implemented, while the system for matters entrusted to villages and
urban communities should be refined. We should continue to apply and
develop the Fengqiao model in the new era, with a view to enhancing
governance in both rural and urban communities. We must leverage the
principal role of the general public and guide the systematic participation of
all sides in social governance.
Governance should be carried out through both online and offline
channels. We should allocate more resources to primary-level organizations
to enhance their capacity to provide services and conduct management, and
improve service facilities and funding support mechanisms. We should
leverage the role of social norms, such as citizens’ codes of conduct and local
covenants, and cultivate stronger family bonds, values, and traditions. We
should change outdated social mores, and in particular, address undesirable
practices around weddings and funerals.
We should improve the working mechanisms for rallying and serving the
general public to further consolidate popular support for social governance
endeavors. Theoretical and political guidance should be enhanced, and
services and management should be improved for all social groups. We need
to improve the systems for balancing different interests and protecting
legitimate rights and interests. Care and support must be ensured for
disadvantaged groups and those in difficulty.
We should improve the system for public psychological and counseling
services as well as mechanisms for crisis intervention. Citizen hotlines and
other public service platforms should function more effectively, so that all
public concerns are attended to. We should continue to develop volunteer
services and better manage organizations operating in this field. We should
promote law-based handling of public complaints and proposals. We should
make further progress in applying diverse solutions and systematic
approaches to resolve conflicts and disputes at source. We should strengthen
the ranks of social workers and see that they are capable of delivering more
professional services.
XIV. Achieving the Centenary Goals of the People’s Liberation Army and
Modernizing National Defense and the Armed Forces
Strong national defense and a powerful military constitute a strategic
pillar that underpins Chinese modernization. We should act on Xi Jinping
Thought on Strengthening the Military and carry out the military strategy for
the new era. We must ensure that the Party exercises absolute leadership over
the people’s armed forces, and the system of ultimate responsibility resting
with the chairman of the Central Military Commission must be implemented.
In accordance with the new three-step strategy for modernizing national
defense and the armed forces, we should continue to enhance political loyalty
in the military, strengthen the military through reform, scientific and
technological advances, and personnel training, and run the military in
accordance with the law. We should simultaneously carry out operations,
boost combat preparedness, and enhance military capabilities; and accelerate
integrated military development through mechanization, informatization, and
the application of intelligent technologies. All this will enhance our military’s
strategic capacity to defend our national sovereignty, security, and
development interests.
53. Speeding up the development of advanced combat capabilities
We should strengthen our strategic deterrence forces to ensure global
strategic balance and stability. We should advance the systematic
development of new-domain forces with new combat capabilities to boost
their scale and meet actual combat needs. We should fast-track the
development of unmanned, intelligent combat forces and our capabilities to
counter them. We should also upgrade and transform traditional combat
forces.
We should better coordinate the development and application of the
network information system and step up the development and utilization of
data resources, so as to develop an intelligent military system. We should
accelerate the development of modern logistics. We should roll out major
defense-related projects, in a bid to accelerate the pace of innovation in
defense-related science and technology, translation of advanced technologies
into combat effectiveness, and development of advanced weaponry and
equipment.
We need to develop new types of high-caliber, professional military personnel. With this in mind, we should refine human resource policies and
systems within the military and improve the running and programs of
military academies. Projects should also be launched to modernize military
theory. It is important that we intensify strategic and tactical planning, take
solid steps to make our military training more oriented toward actual combat,
strengthen the systematic integration of combat capabilities, and create new
models for building up and applying our fighting capacity. These efforts will
enhance our ability to maintain the initiative and shape our posture through
targeted operations.
54. Modernizing military governance
We should refine the leadership and management institutions and
mechanisms in the people’s armed forces and adjust and improve joint
operations systems. We need to strengthen and improve strategic
management and enhance coordination between military operations, capacity
building, and combat preparedness with a stronger focus on operational
requirements. New management approaches should be adopted to ensure
better performance of the military system and more efficient use of defense
resources.
We should strengthen consultations and evaluations for major decisions
and supervision over major projects. We need to advance budget
management reform for military expenditures, refine the military
procurement system, and improve the statistical and evaluation systems for
military development. The principle of building the armed forces through
diligence and thrift must be fully implemented to ensure that military
development is efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable.
We should continue to improve political conduct, carry forward fine
traditions, and enforce stricter discipline to rectify misconduct in key sectors
and fields. Further efforts should be made to enhance law-based governance
of the military. We should formulate more effective rules and regulations and
step up enforcement oversight to improve the Chinese system for law-based
administration of military affairs.
55. Consolidating and improving integrated national strategies and strategic
capabilities
We should deepen military-civilian reforms and establish a
well-regulated, orderly framework where both sides fulfill their respective
functions and work in close concert with each other. We should move faster
to develop strategic capabilities in emerging fields and work toward effective
integration between new quality productive forces and new combat
capabilities so that the development of one helps drive that of the other.
We should develop advanced defense-related science, technology, and
industry systems, improve planning for these fields, and promote
interoperability between military and civilian standards. We should
strengthen work on submitting and reporting on defense-related military
needs, enhance military-civilian alignment, and ensure that all major
infrastructure facilities meet national defense requirements, so that our
strategic needs are better fulfilled in advance.
We should work faster to develop national defense mobilization
capabilities and build up our reserve forces. We should modernize our border,
coastal, and air defense and get our Party, government, military, police, and
civilians all working together on consolidating our borders and defense. We
should raise public awareness of national defense and further strengthen the
unity between the military and the government and between the military and
the people.
XV. Rallying the Whole Party and All Chinese People and Striving to
Fulfill the 15th Five-Year Plan
Upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership is the
fundamental guarantee for advancing Chinese modernization. We should use
the Party’s self-reform to steer social reform and stay committed to
strengthening full and rigorous Party self-governance. We should see to it
that our Party becomes better at providing political leadership and theoretical
guidance, organizing the people, and inspiring society, while also improving
its ability to lead China’s economic and social development endeavors. All
this will enable us to gather a mighty force for advancing Chinese
modernization.
56. Upholding and strengthening the Party Central Committee’s centralized,
unified leadership
We should refine the mechanisms through which the Party Central
Committee’s major decisions and plans are carried out so as to ensure
cohesion across different levels and effective implementation. We should
continue to apply the Party’s new theories to achieve unity in thinking, will,
and action. We should develop intraparty democracy and improve and
implement democratic centralism to ensure that decision-making is sound, democratic, and law-based. The right approach must be followed in selecting
and appointing officials, with political commitment as the primary criterion.
We should make sure that officials have a correct understanding of what it
means to perform well and act accordingly, and improve the system for
assessing their performance. Those who are no longer fit for their posts
should be replaced, and ongoing efforts must be made to ensure that officials
can be demoted as well as promoted. We should strengthen education and
training for officials and temper them through practice, so that they acquire
the skills needed to advance modernization. We must be both strict and
caring and place equal emphasis on providing incentives and imposing
constraints, so as to unleash the internal drive and collective vitality of our
officials.
We should take coordinated steps to improve primary-level Party
organizations in all sectors, strengthen their political and organizational
functions, and give full play to Party members’ exemplary role. We should
continue to steadfastly implement the central Party leadership’s eight-point
decision on improving work conduct and resolutely stamp out all forms of
misconduct. Consistent and unremitting efforts must be made to keep
improving conduct. We should continue to address pointless formalities to
lighten the burdens on those working on the ground. We should improve the
Party and state oversight systems to tighten regulation and oversight over the
allocation and exercise of power. The fight against corruption is always
ongoing and requires us to remain sober-minded and steadfast. We must take
coordinated steps to ensure that officials do not have the audacity,
opportunity, or desire to commit corruption, and see that we have the resolve
to keep waging this tough, protracted, and all-out battle. We must also work
to develop a political atmosphere of integrity.
57. Advancing socialist democracy and rule of law
We must remain firmly committed to the path of socialist political
advancement with Chinese characteristics. We should uphold the unity
between leadership by the Party, the running of the country by the people,
and law-based governance, develop whole-process people’s democracy, and
promote socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. The system of
people’s congresses must be upheld, improved, and implemented to good
effect, so as to ensure that state institutions exercise powers and perform
duties in accordance with the law, and that people’s democratic rights and
other legitimate rights and interests are protected and guaranteed. The system
of CPC-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation should also be
upheld and improved. We must give play to the role of the Chinese People’s
Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultative body and
strengthen coordination between the various channels of consultation to
promote extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development of
consultative democracy.
We should enhance democracy at the primary level and ensure that the
people manage public affairs and run public-interest programs in local
communities in accordance with the law. We should improve the working
mechanisms for drawing on public opinion and pooling the wisdom of the
people. The roles of people’s organizations, such as trade unions, Chinese
Communist Youth League organizations, and women’s federations, should be
brought into better play, and stronger policy support should be provided to
build up the ranks of industrial workers, promote youth development, and
advance the cause of women and children. We must promote all-around
advancement of human rights.
We should refine our approach to building a broad united front with the
aim of consolidating and developing the broadest possible patriotic united
front. A stronger sense of community for the Chinese nation should be forged,
and the community of the Chinese nation should be further developed. We
must ensure that religions in China are Chinese in orientation and strengthen
law-based governance of religious affairs. We should fully implement the
Party’s policy on overseas Chinese affairs to pool the support and strength of
Chinese nationals residing abroad.
We must advance law-based governance on all fronts. We should make
coordinated efforts to promote sound legislation, strict law enforcement,
impartial administration of justice, and observance of the law by all. We
should step up efforts to implement the Constitution and laws and to oversee
compliance with them, while also refining the institutions and mechanisms
for upholding unity in the rule of law. We should strengthen legislative
planning and thoroughly review legislative work to deliver higher-quality
legislation. We should strive to build a law-based government, ensure full
implementation of the filing and review system for administrative normative
documents, and improve the mechanisms for facilitating the substantive
resolution of administrative disputes.
We should further develop the digital platforms for judicial and law
enforcement work to strengthen collaboration and oversight across different
departments. We should better regulate the exercise of judicial power, refine
the systems through which judicial justice is delivered and evaluated, and do
more to ensure the fairness, consistency, and authority of judicial decisions.
Procuratorial bodies should conduct stronger supervision and step up their
efforts in the sphere of public-interest litigation. We must protect people’s
personal rights, property rights, and personality rights as mandated by law.
Long-term mechanisms for regulating enterprise-related law enforcement
should be refined, and steps must be taken to both prevent and rectify
unauthorized cross-jurisdictional and profit-driven law enforcement. We
should improve the national law enforcement system and effectively resolve
difficulties in enforcing rulings.
We should work faster to improve the system and capacity for ensuring
the rule of law in foreign affairs. Mediation, arbitration, and litigation
mechanisms for international commercial disputes should also be improved.
Stricter oversight and inspection should be conducted to ensure that leading
officials act in accordance with the law, and the mechanism for
comprehensively assessing the implementation of the rule of law should be
refined. We should continue to build a law-based society and foster a
favorable environment for ensuring that the rule of law is upheld, rules are
observed, contracts are honored, and justice is safeguarded throughout
society.
58. Promoting long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao
We must resolutely implement the policy of One Country, Two Systems,
under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people
of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy. We should
see that Hong Kong and Macao are administered by patriots, ensure that both
special administrative regions are more effectively governed in accordance
with the law, and promote their economic and social development. We
should support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into and
contributing to the country’s overall development. Cooperation between the
mainland and Hong Kong and Macao in economic and trade affairs, science
and technology, culture, and other fields should be strengthened, and policies
and measures should be improved to make it more convenient for people
from the two regions to develop careers and live on the mainland.
Hong Kong and Macao have the backing of the motherland and maintain
close connection with the rest of the world. These unique strengths and
important roles should be further leveraged. We should consolidate and
enhance Hong Kong’s status as an international financial, shipping, and trade
center and support it in developing into an international innovation and
technology center. We should support Macao’s efforts to appropriately
diversify its economic development and better play its roles as a world
tourism and leisure center, a service platform for commercial and trade
cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking countries, and an
exchange and cooperation center where mainstream Chinese culture and
diverse cultures coexist. In addition, we should support Hong Kong and
Macao in building themselves into international hubs for high-caliber talent.
59. Promoting the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations and advancing
the cause of national reunification
We must fully implement our Party’s overall policy for the new era on
resolving the Taiwan question, resolutely fight against separatist forces aimed
at ―Taiwan independence,‖ oppose external interference, safeguard peace and
stability in the Taiwan Strait, and firmly maintain the initiative and the ability
to steer in cross-Strait relations. Exchanges and cooperation across the Strait
should be deepened and people on both sides should work together to
preserve and carry forward Chinese culture. We should pursue high-quality
progress in building the demonstration zone for integrated cross-Strait
development, as we work to strengthen industrial and economic cooperation
across the Strait. We should implement policies designed to ensure equal
treatment for our Taiwan compatriots, create better conditions for them to
study, work, and live on the mainland, and enhance the wellbeing of the
Chinese people on both sides of the Strait.
60. Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for humanity
We should promote an equal and orderly multipolar world and
universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, expand our
global network of partnerships, and foster a new type of international
relations. We should work with neighboring countries to advance integrated
development, strengthen common security, consolidate strategic mutual trust,
and build a community with a shared future among neighboring countries.
We should maintain overall stability in major-country relations and deepen
solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. We should act on
the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global
Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative and work to
guide the development of the international order in a more just and equitable
direction.
We should support the Global South in building strength through unity,
step up aid to other countries, and provide the world with more public goods.
We must resolutely oppose all hegemonic, high-handed, and bullying acts,
defend international fairness and justice, and safeguard the common interests
of people around the world. We should champion the common values of all
humanity, promote the building of an open, inclusive, clean, and beautiful
world of lasting peace, universal security, and common prosperity, and
deliver China’s contribution to building a community with a shared future for
humanity.
61. Mobilizing the initiative, enthusiasm, and creativity of the whole society to
advance Chinese modernization
National and local 15th five-year plans and sector-specific plans will be
formulated on the basis of the guiding principles from this plenary session to
form a unified, well-aligned national planning system featuring clearly
defined targets, clear boundaries, and complementary functions. We should
improve the monitoring, evaluation, and oversight of the implementation of
these plans and refine mechanisms for policy coordination and work
collaboration, to ensure that the Party Central Committee’s decisions and
plans are fully implemented.
Based on the principle of respecting work, knowledge, talent, and
creativity, we should harness the drive, enterprise, innovation, and ingenuity
of our whole society, and foster a vibrant environment where all our people
can realize their full potential, put talents to best use, and press ahead with
one heart and one mind.
Let the whole Party, the entire military, and the Chinese people of all
ethnic groups rally more closely around the Party Central Committee with
Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. Let us work hard together toward the goal of
basically realizing socialist modernization. Let us continue to break new
ground in our endeavors to build a great country and advance national
rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.